Thoughts are the brain's way of rehearsing the fulfillment of its desires. The brain produces thoughts as it grapples with reality, usually in response to some need, some dissatisfaction, or some urge for security. Here, thought means not only abstract ideas but feelings or any other distinct cognitive object.
In this way, thoughts are like an immune-system response, or like tears or mucus, or any other physical response to insult or invasion. Strong desires or fears are themselves irritants that stir the brain to release a further flow of thought, or "cognorrhea".
Often thought-flows trigger other desires or fears, which in turn produce further secretions of thought. And so thoughts are mental vexation or arousal, and as such they tend to dominate the field of awareness. Although thoughts are the product of the aroused brain, the brain itself becomes fixated upon its own outpouring of thought and feeling.
The mind can be coaxed to rest in the space between one thought and the next, like the trough between successive waves on a choppy sea. Gradually the mind becomes still, and movements of thought arise and subside without commandeering the brain's cognitive resources.
Intuition and rational intellect are often viewed as separate or even opposing mental modes. An alternate view is that they are two slightly different aspects of the same characteristic of mind.
A careful phenomenology of reason seems to reveal that the stages of perception that allegedly lead inevitably and continuously from premise to conclusion are actually composed of discrete random leaps. The apparent smoothness is actually a product of subsequent discourse and post hoc mental modeling.
In other words, the distinction between intuition as a sudden shift in conceptualization versus reason as a plodding, algorithmic ratcheting toward truth is a fallacy. Both involve unmotivated transitions in the perceptual frame. Both take place beneath the level of conscious interference.
The difference between them is slight. Rational thinking has a higher content of previously achieved insights, whereas intuition is more labile and further afield from accumulated conditioning. Crudely put, intellect is fossilized intuition, and intuition is unanchored intellect.
One interesting premise, presented here without any attempt at proof, is that intuition arises naturally and spontaneously when the mind is unburdened by fixations or compelling constructs of thought. When awareness is free, open, and still, the subtler, intuitive mind gently emerges.
Just as an itch is an arousal of the nervous system due to localized irritation, a thought or feeling is an arousal of the mind. However, such arousal does not necessarily require immediate or reflexive response.
One practice might involve occasionally pausing in the midst of everyday activity and being mindful that you don't have to "scratch the itch". Instead, you can become aware of the urge and recognize what would be a patterned, stereotypical, predictable response. You can quietly allow that response to go unanswered and instead open receptively to a fresh, unpredicted response.
With practice this process can take place with surprising alacrity, and the intuitive response can unfold more quickly and effortlessly than the conditioned, habitual response because the inertial response requires cognitive resources.
The intuitive mind instantly recognizes what the automatic or habitual response would be in a given situation, and then chooses a different response, possibly slightly different or possibly radically different.
Of course, intuition also demands cognitive resources, and it would be interesting to find an empirical way to measure and compare intuition with ordinary conscious self-management, but from a personal experiential perspective the intuitive response feels "lighter weight" and more graceful. Once one begins to experience both modes, the flavor of each becomes apparent.
Inside the head of every human seems to be a little captain, an ever-present ineffable sense of being in charge of one's body. Even in the unfortunate case of a person who has lost control of the body, it is the little captain within who has lost that control.
An interesting fact is that the brain itself makes decisions and initiates action before the little captain even senses the urge to act (see Benjamin Libet). The captain, or willful self, who directs actions and registers experience, is really a delayed shadow or echo of the silent brain beneath.
In a sense, the captain is only an excited state of the brain. If the captain's activity (and now, let us replace captain with mind) subsides, then the brain directs activity without the vexation of thought or feeling.
The "underlying brain" controls action without the intervention, filtering, and resource drain imposed implicitly by the conscious mind. The brain when calm is naturally intuitive, spontaneous, fluid, and responsive without being reactive.
The little captain is charged with the responsibility of "getting things done", but ironically it is the silent underlying brain that has the more remarkable ability to act in harmonious and effective ways, centering on events in the immediate, vivid present rather than being distracted by reverie.
Meditation involves watching the activity of your own mind as though it were the mind of someone else. You become a guest in your own body, in a sense. That ego-disidentification is what allows experience to happen without filtering, and what allows action to spring from the organism unself-consciously and intuitively.
It's important to realize that meditation does not involve making corrections to one's state of mind. The meditator observes without correcting or attempting to change mental activity.
Meditation leads to greater awareness of surroundings, but not necessarily through looking carefully at them. The organism is naturally taking in sensations, but generally those sensations are ignored and the mind is ordinarily disconnected from them.
Through meditation, however, one becomes aware of what one is naturally and ordinarily seeing and hearing. One becomes reconnected with experience. Nothing needs to be changed. The meditator simply witnesses carefully what the mind and body are doing.
'Awakened mind' is quite different from 'concentrated mind', although both involve discipline and focus. The difference is that concentration blocks out all but the object of concentration, whereas awakening allows the mind to spontaneously alight upon any object.
The awakened mind continuously returns to whatever is present at hand and examines it from new points of view, taking in all aspects. When ego-fixations no longer dominate mental activity, the mind naturally shifts attention to objects at hand.
The strange secret of awakening is surrender. At first the intuitive mind seems totally untrustworthy. After all, there's nothing there; intuition grows out of silence and stillness. Trusting intuition is like starting over again each time.
We hear from ancient sages that gentleness and yielding are stronger and tougher than hardness or brute power. Babies are the softest and most supple, but they cannot build shelter or gather food. Only the fierce, or in the case of the modern West, the relentlessly systematic, can endure.
How can that paradox be solved? How can we risk trusting intuition when we have responsibilities and important things to take care of? How can we thrive in a competitive world by cultivating a yielding nature?
Those questions are what tether us to the willful self and what hook our awareness when we would rather be open to the cool stillness beneath. We need intuition for hardcore realists.
The type of people who thrive today are those who seize their own destiny. Ancient sages advised people to refrain from willful action and instead to trust the Tao. How can one's destiny be both in one's own hands and in the hands of Heaven? The way to take control of one's own destiny is by surrendering to it. But what is one's own destiny? That's a matter for intuition.
The gentlest way is the middle way; not too much of one thing and not too little of the other.
Meditation can be a way to develop awareness of mental fixations or sticking points that hinder the mind from being receptive to intuition. That can happen simply by choosing an object of meditation and observing how fixations distract attention from that object.
Here is a simple practice:
Start by just sitting down and sensing your breath as it goes in and out. This is an ancient technique for centering and refining the mind. You can use other techniques, but this one is well proven.
As your mind centers on your breathing, you'll begin to notice how thoughts carry your attention away as one thought or feeling leads to another. When you realize that you're no longer paying attention to your breathing, just go back to paying attention to it again.
Each time you see that your attention has wandered off into thoughts, simply return to your breath again, without purposely trying to stop the thoughts. The point is to learn to gently become aware of how your thoughts come and go.
If we compare the brain to a pond, then thoughts and their collateral feelings may be compared to waves on the surface. It's important not to try to staunch the flow of thoughts, but rather to allow them to come and go freely. Attempting to suppress thoughts produces yet more disturbance on the pond's surface.
The technique here is to remain quietly aware of it and to watch it as it evanesces, without engaging it. Engaging a thought can involve seizing it, repelling it, or even willfully ignoring it.
The awakened mind lives by direct, intuitive insight into the present moment. With its silent, non-judgmental awareness of what is immediately at hand, the awakened mind is not hindered by the cumbersome, thinking self. It is nimble, creative, and remarkably effective. The awakening mind awakens itself, and the process cannot be rushed. Awakening is a process that is absolutely personal. By its very nature it defies verbal description.
A couple quotations:
By dwelling in nothingness you are not obsessed with anything at all; thus you spontaneously enter a nonresistant state of mind and so merge with the Way.
-- from "Treatise on forgetting", in Taoist meditation: Methods for cultivating a healthy mind and body, translated by Thomas Cleary.
Whatever you are doing, whether it is walking, sitting, standing, lying down, what you are doing does not matter: Do it silently, without any stirring of thoughts. This is meditation.
-- attributed to Bodhidharma, in The Book of Nothing: Sosan's Hsin Hsin Ming, translated by Philip Dunn and Peter Jourdan.
Michael Webb, 2003
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Essays on related topics by Michael Webb:
- How not to be held captive by the conscious mind
- On awakening the intuitive mind as part of a modern lifestyle
Other pieces: